In today’s uncertain political climate, becoming a U.S. citizen is more important than ever. With growing anti-immigrant rhetoric and increased immigration enforcement, lawful permanent residents (green card holders) are facing risks they shouldn’t have to—risks that aren’t about changes in the law, but in how those laws are being applied, overlooked, or misused.
While having a green card is still one of the most secure immigration statuses, we’ve seen that even permanent residents can be targeted or caught up in enforcement systems. U.S. citizenship, however, offers full protection. It’s the only status that guarantees your right to stay in the U.S. permanently, vote in elections, travel freely without worrying about reentry, and live without the fear of deportation.
If you’re eligible and don’t have any significant risk factors, we strongly encourage you to consider applying for naturalization as soon as possible.
Understanding the Naturalization Process
Naturalization is the legal process through which a green card holder becomes a U.S. citizen. It’s a powerful step, not just for protection and peace of mind, but for participation. U.S. citizens can vote, hold certain government jobs, and petition for family members with fewer delays. Below, we outline how to determine your eligibility and how to apply if you are eligible.
Eligibility Requirements
Most applicants must meet the following requirements:
- Permanent Residency: You must have had your green card for at least 5 years, or 3 years if you’re married to a U.S. citizen or obtained status through VAWA.
- Physical Presence: You need to have been physically in the U.S. for at least half of that time (2.5 or 1.5 years).
- Continuous Residence: Long trips abroad (especially those over six months) may disrupt your eligibility.
- Residency in Your District: You must have lived in your current state or USCIS district for at least 3 months before applying.
- Good Moral Character: You must show good moral character for the past 5 years (or 3 if applying based on marriage to a U.S. citizen).
- English and Civics: You’ll need to demonstrate basic English skills and pass a civics test on U.S. government and history. (There are some exceptions based on age and how long you’ve had your green card.)
- Oath of Allegiance: You must be ready to take an oath committing your loyalty to the United States.
- Selective Service: Men who lived in the U.S. between the ages of 18 and 25 must have registered for Selective Service (unless exempt).
If you’re unsure whether you qualify, consult with an immigration attorney or use the eligibility tool on the USCIS website.
Application Process
File the N-400
This is the formal application for naturalization. It includes personal information, documentation, and a filing fee. Some applicants may qualify for a fee waiver or reduction.
Attend a Biometrics Appointment
USCIS may ask you to appear for fingerprinting so they can run a background check.
Go to Your Naturalization Interview
You’ll meet with a USCIS officer to review your application, answer questions, and take the English and civics tests.
Take the Oath of Allegiance
Once approved, you’ll attend a naturalization ceremony—often a joyful and moving moment—where you officially become a U.S. citizen and receive your naturalization certificate.
Citizenship Now: Why Timing Matters
Citizenship matters now more than ever. In a time of rising anti-immigrant rhetoric, increased enforcement, and growing uncertainty, becoming a U.S. citizen offers a level of protection and freedom that no other immigration status can provide. While permanent residents have many rights, they remain vulnerable to detention and deportation—often for issues that wouldn’t have triggered such consequences in the past. Citizenship shields you from immigration enforcement, gives you the right to vote, and allows you to travel freely without fear of losing your status. It’s not just a legal milestone—it’s your safeguard, your voice, and your power.
At Hope Immigration, we’re proud to walk with our clients on their path to U.S. citizenship. Whether you have questions about eligibility, need help with paperwork, or want an experienced advocate by your side, we’re here to support you. Now is the time to protect your future and claim your voice. Schedule a consultation today or email us to get started on your naturalization journey. Let’s make sure you have the protection—and the power—you deserve.